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This document provides an overview of developments to date on the GBF, milestones and timeline for implementation, and critical issues currently affecting discussions and progress prior to COP16.

The IA clearly identifies the current AAQDs' shortcomings, provides references to the updated WHO guidelines and lists the fitness check findings, stakeholders' opinions, and supporting data. It sets a general objective to further improve air quality in the EU and diminish the impact of air pollution on human health and the environment. It does not make it clear however whether the translation of the general objective into specific objectives, as formulated, fully addresses some relevant drivers. ...

African countries, which disproportionately suffer from the adverse impacts of climate change, are aiming to strongly voice their position at the 27th Conference of the Parties (COP27, 6-18 November 2022) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which is hosted by one of them, Egypt. African states and the African Union (AU) insist that richer industrial countries, which bear greater responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions, should do more to tackle them. According to the African ...

Following the 1975 establishment of diplomatic relations with China, the European Economic Community (EEC) focused its strategic approach – in line with its competences at the time – on support for China's economic opening, launched in 1978 by Deng Xiaoping. While this approach resulted in a swiftly expanding trade and investment relationship, results in other areas are rather mixed. By most accounts, the strategy also failed to contribute to making significant progress on the rule of law in China ...

In October 2020, Japan's Prime Minister, Suga Yoshihide, declared that by 2050 the country would aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net zero and to realise a carbon-neutral, decarbonised society. In December, the Cabinet adopted the green growth strategy, an industrial policy aimed at generating a virtuous cycle of economic growth and environmental protection, together with the business community. A €15.4 billion fund is to be created, to promote ecological businesses and innovation to achieve ...

As part of its plan for recovery from the coronavirus pandemic, South Korea has launched its own Green New Deal. Announced in July 2020, this initiative will invest €54.3 billion mostly for enabling a shift to green infrastructure, low-carbon and decentralised energy, for spurring innovation in green industry and for creating 659 000 jobs. The plan will also support the commercial development of technology for large-scale carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS). In October 2020, South Korea's ...

El Programa LIFE se inició en 1992, y es el único fondo de la UE dedicado por entero a objetivos medioambientales y climáticos. Apoya la aplicación de la legislación pertinente de la UE y el desarrollo de prioridades políticas clave mediante la cofinanciación de proyectos con valor añadido europeo. En junio de 2018, la Comisión Europea presentó una propuesta de nuevo Reglamento LIFE como parte del marco financiero plurianual (MFP) 2021-2027 con una dotación financiera de 5 450 millones EUR a precios ...

The European Green Deal aims to make the European Union climate-neutral by 2050, a target supported by all EU institutions. With this objective, the EU takes a leading role in addressing the global climate emergency. Achieving the climate-neutrality goal requires massive investment and an unprecedented transformation of all sectors of the economy. This study explains the physical basis of climate change and highlights its expected impacts on the EU. To give an overview of EU and international climate ...

The EU and India are respectively the third and the fourth largest emitters of atmosphere-warming greenhouse gases. Meanwhile, India's per-capita emissions are much lower than those of other major economies. India is acutely affected by climate change and is strongly dependent on coal as a source of primary energy. Nevertheless, it is now a leader in the promotion of renewable energy and has fixed ambitious targets in terms of electricity-generation capacity from renewables. Along these lines, Delhi ...

Encompassing regions from European Union (EU) Member States and third countries confronted with a common set of challenges, macro-regions are defined on the basis of geographical features. Whether inspired by a sense of regional identity, a desire to engage in closer cooperation or to pool resources, all macro-regional strategies share the aim of ensuring a coordinated approach to issues best addressed jointly. In spite of a broad consensus on the importance of the macro-regional strategies as a ...