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Directive (2013/11/EU) on alternative dispute resolution for consumer disputes (the 'ADR Directive') provides an out-of-court solution for consumers to resolve disputes on goods and services purchased from traders established in the single market. Together with Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 on online dispute resolution for consumer disputes (the 'ODR Regulation'), the ADR Directive forms a horizontal EU-level framework for alternative dispute resolution. The significant increase of online sales, in ...

The assignment of a claim refers to a situation where a creditor (the assignor) transfers the right to claim a debt from the debtor to another person (the assignee) who then becomes a creditor vis-a-vis the debtor (replacing in this role the original creditor). This mechanism is used by companies to obtain liquidity and access credit. At the moment, there is no legal certainty as to which national law applies when determining who owns a claim after it has been assigned in a cross-border case. The ...

The Committee on Legal Affairs is proposing that the European Parliament give its consent to EU accession to the Convention of 2 July 2019 on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments in Civil or Commercial Matters, concluded within the framework of the Hague Conference on Private International Law.

Ten years since its adoption, the EU Mediation Directive remains very far from reaching its stated goals. This briefing summarises the main achievements and failures in the implementation at national level. In addition, it assesses the conclusions of previous research and of the European Parliament's resolution on the implmentation of the Mediation Directive.

Mediation Directive 2008/52/EC

En bref 15-11-2018

Mediation Directive 2008/52/EC defines the procedure of environmental impact assessment. It intends to facilitate access to alternative dispute resolution mechanisms and to promote the amicable settlement of disputes, while encouraging the use of mediation. The directive applies to cross-border disputes in civil, including family law, and commercial matters. This note provides a brief overview of its implementation.

La présente étude, commandée par le département thématique des droits des citoyens et des affaires constitutionnelles à la demande de la commission des affaires juridiques (commission JURI), porte sur les contrats commerciaux internationaux ainsi que sur leur fonctionnement théorique et pratique. Elle décrit le cadre juridique dans lequel s’inscrivent ces contrats et analyse les pratiques commerciales actuelles concernant le choix de la loi applicable et le choix de la juridiction compétente. L’étude ...

The Commission is proposing to harmonise the conflict of law rules in regard to the applicable national law applicable to third-party effects in the case of cross-border assignments of rights. This initial appraisal of the Commission’s impact assessment on the proposal observes that the impact assessment is characterised by a lack of quantitative evidence and this is acknowledged explained by the impact assessment itself. The IA, however, still seems to make a reasonable case for the proposal on ...

The regulation on the service of documents and the regulation on taking of evidence are key instruments in the facilitation of cross-border cooperation between national civil courts. They have contributed to the effectiveness of cross-border litigation before civil and commercial courts by making civil proceedings in cross-border cases simpler, faster and cheaper. However, digitalisation and the use of electronic means of communication could boost their efficiency. This is why the European Commission ...

Works of art and cultural goods looted in armed conflicts or wars usually travel across several borders when they are sold. The cross-border character of looted art creates legal challenges for restitution claims as they often concern various national jurisdictions, with differing rules, as well as fragmented and insufficiently defined legal requirements in international and European legal instruments. Against this background, this European Added Value Assessment identifies weaknesses in the existing ...

Il peut être difficile, pour les consommateurs, de déterminer qu’une pratique commerciale peut être dangereuse ou déloyale au moment de conclure une transaction avec un professionnel. De même, les entreprises et les autorités chargées de faire appliquer la législation peuvent parfois rencontrer des problèmes au niveau de l’application et de l’interprétation du droit de l’Union en matière de pratiques commerciales. Bien que seule la Cour de justice soit compétente pour interpréter la législation de ...