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Alternative dispute resolution

Briefing 13-03-2024

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is defined as a process allowing complaints to be settled out of court with the assistance of an impartial dispute resolution body. On 17 October 2023, the European Commission adopted proposals for a directive amending several directives pertaining to consumer rights and ADR, in which the notion of complaint relates to situations where a relation between a consumer and a trader gives rise to a complaint from the consumer. Through ADR, consumers are able to settle ...

European media freedom act

Briefing 06-02-2024

An independent media is a pillar of democracy and an important part of the economy, helping to shape public opinion and hold those in power to account. In recent years, however, there have been increasingly worrying trends across the European Union (EU), as documented in the annual rule of law reports by the European Commission, and by other tools such as the Media Pluralism Monitor. Tabled on 16 September 2022, the proposed European media freedom act (EMFA) would introduce a new set of rules to ...

VAT in the digital age

Briefing 16-11-2023

Value added tax (VAT) is one of the key revenue raisers in national budgets, accounting on average for almost a fifth of all tax revenue collected in the EU. Yet, sizeable amounts of VAT revenue are lost to fraud. Moreover, VAT rules place a considerable administrative burden on businesses. Therefore, to help strengthen the fight against VAT fraud and reduce this burden, the European Commission tabled a three-part proposal for a directive on VAT in the digital age, on 8 December 2022. The proposal ...

This study evaluates the implementation and enforcement of the Package Travel Directive (PTD) in the EU with a focus on ten EU Member States. It identifies areas for improvement, such as adapting the definition of package travel to accommodate evolving industry trends, addressing pre-contractual information gaps, improving payment practices, tackling challenges in the digital environment, enhancing enforcement mechanisms, promoting alternative dispute resolution, and increasing consumer awareness ...

En septembre 2022, la Commission européenne a proposé un règlement établissant un cadre commun pour les services de médias dans le marché intérieur (la «législation européenne sur la liberté des médias»). Au cours de sa session plénière d’octobre I, le Parlement devrait voter sur le rapport de la commission de la culture et de l’éducation (CULT). Le rapport tel qu’adopté en plénière constituerait alors la position du Parlement pour les négociations interinstitutionnelles avec le Conseil, qui a adopté ...

Digital euro package

Briefing 18-09-2023

A digital euro can be understood as central bank money offered in digital form for citizens and businesses to be used for their retail payments. It would be a central bank digital currency (CBDC) –an electronic equivalent to cash, complementing banknotes and coins – and the central motivation to develop a CBDC can be explained by the increasing digitalisation of financial services. Banknotes and coins, currently the only public money, are considered the ultimate anchor of the financial system. However ...

Two European Union (EU) directives regulate the EU collective investment funds industry: the Directive relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) and the Alternative Investment Funds Manager Directive (AIFMD). The UCITS Directive, which covers mutual funds, lays down uniform rules, allowing them to be offered cross-border, while the AIFMD, which covers hedge funds and private equity, lays down the rules for authorising, supervising and overseeing the managers ...

The crypto-asset sector, while still relatively new, has already changed the world of payments and investment forever. The fast-changing, mobile nature of the sector and its growing market prominence poses challenges, however, for tax authorities, which are not always able to track the capital gains made from trading crypto-assets. On 8 December 2022, the European Commission proposed to set up a reporting framework which would require crypto-asset service providers to report transactions made by ...

Les crypto-actifs échappent à la réglementation en vigueur: il faut légiférer pour faire face aux risques qu’ils représentent. Dans le cadre du train de mesures législatives visant à renforcer les règles de l’UE en matière de lutte contre le blanchiment de capitaux et le financement du terrorisme, la Commission a proposé une révision du règlement sur les informations accompagnant les transferts de fonds pour couvrir les crypto-actifs. La plénière d’avril verra le Parlement voter sur le texte issu ...

The impact assessment (IA) defines in sufficient detail the problem, its drivers and the need to protect media pluralism and independence in the EU. While it duly explains that the problems identified affect the 'entire information ecosystem', their geographical scale is not very clear. The IA examines three options, with different packages of measures with a gradually increasing level of approximation of certain aspects of national frameworks relating to media pluralism and independence. Costs and ...