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Directive 2003/109/EC sets out the rights of third-country nationals who are long-term residents in the EU, the areas in which they can be granted equal treatment with EU citizens, and the conditions for moving to another EU Member State. It aims to facilitate the attainment of the EU internal market and the integration of migrants in host societies. As assessed in implementation reports, the EU long-term resident status is currently under-used, and third-country nationals lack information about ...

Integration of migrant children

Briefing 20-11-2023

In the EU, one in four children are either foreign-born themselves or have foreign-born parents. On 1 January 2022, around 6.6 million children did not have the citizenship of their country of residence in the EU. Almost three out of four of these children lived in Germany, France, Italy or Spain, the countries hosting the largest number of non-national children in absolute terms. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine started on 24 February 2022, millions of people, most of them women and children ...

The effective management of the EU's external borders is a prerequisite for creating the EU area of freedom, security and justice. In response to an unprecedented influx of refugees and immigrants into Europe in the 2015-2016 period, the EU took steps to strengthen the management of its external borders, and to reform the common European asylum system. Several major challenges have affected the EU's external borders in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic pushed Member States to adopt extraordinary ...

Most migrants arrive in Europe legally, to work, study or join family members. Over a million of the first residence permits granted to non-EU third-country nationals in 2019 were for work purposes. The EU shares competence on legal migration with Member States but can set conditions for third-country nationals' entry into and legal residence in Member States. However, Member States retain the right to determine admission numbers for third-country nationals seeking work. The Single Permit Directive ...

Russia’s war on Ukraine and its entire population has generated a historic outflow of people, largely women and children, fleeing the hostilities. About five million refugees from Ukraine have been recorded across the EU and other countries, triggering a refugee and humanitarian crisis at a scale unseen in Europe since World War II. A recent study by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development suggests that EU policies focus on giving refugees quick access to support for integration ...

This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, assesses the European Commission’s 2022 legal migration package on effectiveness, efficiency, legal and practical coherence, and fundamental rights compliance. The study finds that a more coherent and ambitious rights-based legal migration agenda is warranted. In the EU struggle for skilled and talented third-country national workers, social ...

Overall, the Commission makes a good case for the revision of the 2003 Long-term Residents Directive. The IA builds on two implementation reports focused on the directive and on the 2019 fitness check on legal migration. However, the supporting study for this IA was not publicly available at the time of writing, which goes against the better regulation transparency requirements. The Commission consulted widely, and stakeholders' views are reflected in the IA. The Commission considered four policy ...

This briefing follows up the commitments made by the commissioner since 2019.

Migration to the European Union from third countries has been substantial over the past few decades, as Europe has historically been considered a continent of relative economic prosperity and political stability. While many foreign-born individuals arrive in the European Union (EU) to work, pursue studies or join family members, the EU also receives a large number of asylum-seekers and refugees, not least in the context of the war in Ukraine since February 2022. As host societies, EU Member States ...

The Conference on the Future of Europe was designed to give citizens a say about their vision for the EU, by means of a multilingual digital platform and citizens' panels. The panels are transnational forums, gathering citizens from the EU Member States to discuss their ideas for the future of the Union and make recommendations on how the EU could be improved. The resulting proposals are diverse and constructive. The suggestions for the future range from adjustments of legislation in force to complete ...