Cuardaigh
Own resources of the European Union: Reforming the EU's financing system
On 1 June 2021, the decision that reforms the financing system of the EU budget entered into force, following its ratification by all Member States. It introduces three significant innovations in the own resources system, applying retroactively from 1 January 2021. The maximum level of resources that can be called from Member States permanently rises from 1.20 % to 1.40 % of EU gross national income (GNI). A temporary increase in the own resources ceiling, worth a further 0.60 % of EU GNI, is devoted ...
International Agreements in Progress: EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement
The free trade agreement (FTA) with Vietnam has been described as the most ambitious deal of its type ever concluded between the EU and a developing country. Not only will it eliminate over 99 % of customs duties on goods, it will also open up Vietnamese services markets to EU companies and strengthen protection of EU investments in the country. According to European Commission figures, the FTA could boost Vietnam's booming economy by as much as 15 % of GDP, with Vietnamese exports to Europe growing ...
Administrative Performance Differences between Member States Recovering Traditional Own Resources of the European Union
The European Commission oversees the recovery by Member States of Traditional Own Resources (TOR), that is customs debt and sugar levies, for the European Union’s budget revenue. It fulfils high standards of control each year. According to the Commission 98 per cent of customs debt identified by Member States is entered in national accounts and transferred as TOR to the EU accounts without particular problems. Yet significant differences of performance exist between Member States. The report examines ...
Protectionism in Argentina : Old Habits Die Hard