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Russia's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine triggered fears of an unprecedented global food crisis, adding to the devastating impact of the war. A swift response by the international community, including the United Nations–Türkiye-brokered Black Sea Grain Initiative, has been instrumental in unblocking Ukrainian food exports and stabilising the markets. Combined with the EU solidarity lanes launched in May 2022, more than 25 million tonnes have been exported. On 17 November, Russia confirmed, in extremis ...

Ukraine is one of the worlds' largest producers of grains and oilseed, and – for the export of these products to Africa, the Middle East and Europe – heavily dependent on its maritime transport and ports, currently blocked because of the war. Ukraine and Russia together typically export nearly 12 % of food calories globally. Before the war, Ukraine exported more than 90 % of its agricultural products, around 6 million tons per month, via the Black Sea. Alternative routes by road and rail only provide ...

As a contracting party to the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM), the European Union is bound to adopt its conservation and management measures in EU law, so that they become applicable to EU fishing vessels. The European Parliament is expected to vote on a Commission proposal on the transposition of new GFCM measures, that go beyond the existing regulations, during the March II plenary session.

Russia's attacks on and seizure of three Ukrainian naval vessels off the Crimean peninsula have reignited looming tensions in the Sea of Azov. This is the most serious confrontation between Ukraine and Russia since 2014, sparking concern over further military escalation ahead of key Ukrainian elections. On 27 November 2018, Ukraine's Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) voted to declare martial law. The EU has condemned Russia's use of force.

All Member States bordering the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, together with the European Union, participate in the management of fisheries in this area, in cooperation with several third countries, in the framework of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM). As a contracting party to the GFCM, the EU is bound to adopt its recommendations. The European Commission therefore proposes to transpose a number of new GFCM measures that go beyond the existing regulation, into EU law ...

The EU has made a series of commitments in recent years in its capacity as a contracting party to the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean, an international forum for cooperation on the sustainable management and exploitation of living marine resources. The elements of those commitments which are not already part of EU law need now to be translated into EU legislation.

The EU's Black Sea Policy: Where Do We Stand?

Detaljna analiza 13-09-2013

In January 2011 the European Parliament adopted a resolution calling for the European Commission and the then-soon-to-be-launched European External Action Service to prepare an EU strategy for the Black Sea region. This initiative was meant to dovetail with other EU basin-focused strategies in Europe. Given that the EU's Black Sea Synergy, the ad hoc policy in place since 2007, was being implemented at a slow pace, the Parliament's request was also intended to amplify the EU’s political presence ...

Cooperation in semi-enclosed seas is a mandate for States that are party to UNCLOS. There is a long tradition of regional cooperation in these waters with what can be considered to be pioneering instruments. At the same time, the complex political, social and economic circumstances are one of the difficulties for reaching a consensus in regional governance. This document investigates the issues that have a bearing on regional cooperation and the possibility of using bilateralism-based mechanisms. ...

The GFCM integrates cooperative efforts by 23 countries in seeking to optimize fish harvesting. The attendance at some meetings of subsidiary bodies is low, and few formal stock assessments have resulted, despite useful binding recommendations made, largely on a precautionary basis. The SAC needs to focus on fewer topics and their follow-through. A further priority is on the use of statistical analysis of biomass and effort trends, and defining reference points that measure exploitation rate. Restrictions ...

Fisheries in the Black Sea

Studija 15-12-2010

This paper is a review of the fisheries sector in the Black Sea region, and presents the main marine resources and the evolution of the Black Sea fisheries, as well as fisheries management and regional cooperation issues. The Black Sea has undergone major environmental changes, and a dramatic resource crisis occurred around 1990. Fisheries have been one of the drivers for these changes, but have also been affected by them. The combined effect of this crisis and the deteriorating economic conditions ...