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This study looks at the discrepancy in NOx emissions between type-approval tests and real-world driving. It examines the legal stakeholder obligations with regard to emission measurements in the European type-approval process and offers insights into the practical implementation of type-approval procedures throughout the EU. This study was provided by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee of Inquiry into Emission Measurements in the Automotive Sector (EMIS).

Exposure to elevated air pollution levels has substantial negative impacts on human health and the environment. The main pollutants are particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3). The Ambient Air Quality Directive therefore sets limit and target values for the concentration of air pollutants. Thresholds for particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide are exceeded in several Member States.

In September 2015, the United States Environmental Protection Agency claimed that Volkswagen had installed illegal software on some of its diesel vehicles, to modify emissions of certain air pollutants. Subsequently, the company has been the subject of legal action brought by consumers, investors, non-governmental organisations and government agencies. In many cases, the plaintiffs have gathered their actions together into collective (or class action) complaints. In the United States, complaints ...

Vehicle emission tests: beyond the VW case

Kort overzicht 01-10-2015

It appears Volkswagen has cheated emission tests on its diesel cars in the US, allowing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions well above legal limits, with dire consequences on health and the environment. This has highlighted differences between emissions checks in the US and the EU as well as discrepancies between emissions in tests carried out under laboratory conditions and in on road performance, for both pollutants and CO2. However, new testing methods expected to better reflect real-world emissions ...

This note seeks to provide an initial analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Commission's Impact Assessment (IA) accompanying a Communication on a Clean Air Programme for Europe, a proposal for a Directive regulating air emissions from Medium Combustion Plants, a proposal for a Directive on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, and a proposal for a Decision on the Amendment to the 1999 Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Trans boundary ...