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For two decades, the EU has sought to modernise its preferential trade relationship with the sub-Saharan African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries and establish free trade areas with regional groupings under so-called economic partnership agreements (EPAs). The process of establishing the EPAs has been longer and more complicated than initially expected, encountering criticism and opposition from civil society and some governments in ACP countries, who have been worried about the potential negative ...

Vztahy mezi EU a Afrikou se řídí dohodou z Cotonou a společnou strategií Afrika-EU, jež zahrnují politické, hospodářské a rozvojové aspekty. EU se aktivně zasazuje o budování míru a bezpečnosti v Africe a společně s Africkou unií (AU) se zapojuje do různých politických dialogů, včetně dialogu o demokracii a lidských právech. Jednou z nejdůležitějších otázek v rámci vztahů mezi Afrikou a EU je v poslední době migrace. Hlavním nástrojem rozvojové spolupráce v Africe zůstává Evropský rozvojový fond. ...

The CAP has been strongly influenced by the EU’s External Actions. The various Enlargements, and trade policies to favour its neighbours to both the East and South, and for its former colonies, have left their mark. However it is external pressures through the GATT/WTO that have had the most defining effect. Current pressures stem from a new generation of Free Trade agreements, the need to reduce agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions, and to respond to Brexit.

After twelve years, Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) negotiations between African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries and the EU continue to drag on, as many contentious issues remain pending. The decision by the EU to remove their unilateral trade preferences by 1 October 2014 for countries that have not signed or ratified the EPAs is now creating tremendous pressure and tension in various countries and subregions. In particular, African countries are caught in the dilemma of losing their ...