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The 'Big Three' credit rating agencies – Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and Fitch – enjoy an oligopolistic position on the market for the rating of private and public debt. In the run-up to the financial crisis, we now know, they were over-optimistic with their ratings, but once the crisis hit, their ratings went into a very fast downward spiral. This is considered to have contributed to the severity of the crisis. A similar pattern could be observed when the sovereign debt crisis started in the European ...

Changes to the ECB's voting rules

Oversigt 21-01-2015

With Lithuania joining the euro area on 1 January 2015, the total number of states using the single currency reaches 19, consequently bringing about significant changes in the decision-making structures of the European Central Bank (ECB). In particular, there is a new rotation system for the votes of the national central bank governors sitting in the Bank's Governing Council. The introduction of the new system comes at a time when financial markets are widely expecting the Governing Council meeting ...