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Armenia and Azerbaijan have been in conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh for 30 years, during which two bloody episodes of war, in 1992 and in 2020, have alternated with periods of frozen conflict. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has shaken the balance of power in the region. To avert further escalation of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, the international community has stepped up mediation efforts, with the EU playing a prominent role. During the June session, Question Time with ...

Ever since the end of the Cold War, Armenia and Azerbaijan have been in conflict over Nagorno Karabakh, in the longest-running conflict in the post-Soviet space. Two bloody war episodes, in 1992 and in 2020, have alternated with periods of frozen conflict over three decades, amidst the inability of the international community to find a political settlement. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has further altered the power balance in the region, creating a dangerous security vacuum ...

EU-Azerbaijan relations

Oversigt 08-03-2023

The EU–Azerbaijan Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA), in force since 1999, sets the framework for bilateral relations. Azerbaijan, considered an authoritarian regime, is an important energy supplier to the EU. Recently, the EU has boosted its role as a mediator between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The European Parliament is due to discuss an own-initiative report on EU-Azerbaijan relations during the March I plenary session.

EU-Armenia relations

Oversigt 08-03-2023

Bilateral relations between the European Union and Armenia are based on the EU–Armenia Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement (CEPA), in force since March 2021. The EU is an important trade and assistance partner for Armenia and has been an active mediator in the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. In February 2023, the EU launched a civilian EU Mission in Armenia (EUMA), signalling a growing role for the EU amidst Russia's waning influence in the South Caucasus. The European Parliament ...

In December 2021, the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) launched an own-initiative procedure (2021/2230(INI)) on EU-Armenia relations and another on EU-Azerbaijan relations (2021/2231(INI)). The appointed rapporteurs are, respectively Željana Zovko (EPP, Croatia) and Andrey Kovatchev (EPP, Bulgaria). To accompany its scrutiny work, Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) requested the Ex-Post Evaluation Unit Ex-post Evaluation Unit of the Directorate for Impact Assessment ...

Following the fragile November 2020 ceasefire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, hostilities have recently broken out on Armenian territory. Both countries participate in the EU's Eastern Partnership, and the European Parliament will use its powers of oversight in the revived 'question time' during its October I plenary session, to question the High Representative/Vice-President of the European Commission (HR/VP), Josep Borrell, on the issue.

The 2018 Velvet Revolution installed Nikol Pashinyan as prime minister of Armenia. By 2020, Pashinyan's reform drive, already running out of momentum, hit two major obstacles: the coronavirus pandemic and, above all, a brief but disastrous war with Azerbaijan. Despite the trauma of defeat, in June 2021 voters gave Pashinyan a second chance, in elections seen as a positive sign for the country's future.

Armenia and Azerbaijan are bitterly opposed over Nagorno-Karabakh, an Armenian-backed separatist territory that international law recognises as part of Azerbaijan. The fighting, which began in September 2020, is the worst since 1994, when a ceasefire ended a two-year bloody war. With Turkey openly backing Azerbaijan, there are fears that this could trigger conflict with Russia, Armenia’s main ally.

The European Council meeting of 1-2 October 2020 was largely dedicated to external relations. EU leaders discussed a wide range of foreign policy issues, including relations with China, Nagorno-Karabakh and the Navalny poisoning attempt. Particular attention was paid to the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean, with EU leaders extending an offer to cooperate with Turkey – provided the current path to dialogue was maintained – while envisaging all options otherwise. On Belarus, the leaders agreed ...

The geopolitical, economic and security situation in Europe has evolved significantly in the past 10 years since the Eastern Partnership (EaP) was first created in 2009. With the growing pressure on democracies and multilateralism worldwide, an aggressive Russia under Vladimir Putin and an increasingly influential China, the role of the European Union – a major global champion of democracy and multilateralism – and its responsibility for sustainable stability in the EaP region are growing. Against ...