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Sanctions imposed by the European Union (EU) against Russia following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine brought about an unprecedented emphasis on sanctions implementation and enforcement, which – in contrast to decision-making – have traditionally relied on a decentralised system. This has resulted in a mosaic of practices across the EU, involving more than 160 designated competent authorities within Member States. While reflecting the principle of subsidiarity, this nevertheless poses a risk to ...

Outraged by Russia's illegal and unprovoked full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the European Union swiftly adopted unprecedentedly tough sanctions, in close cooperation with partners including the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Japan. The rapid succession of 11 packages of EU sanctions adopted since then, in what has already been labelled a 'sanctions revolution', have resulted in an unparalleled set of measures targeting key sectors of the Russian economy and ...

The European Union (EU) has established over 40 regimes of sanctions against third countries, entities, and legal and natural persons. These restrictive measures include arms embargoes, import and export bans, freezing of funds and economic resources, and travel bans. Whereas the adoption of EU sanctions is centralised at EU level, their implementation and enforcement lies with the Member States. The significant differences between national systems, particularly in terms of offences and penalties ...

The paper stresses the need for an EU focal point for investigating and responding strategically to foreign interference. The author assesses the possibility of using criminal law to address foreign interference, of utilising the international sanctions regime to deal with cases of interference, and of banning the use of foreign and foreign-funded, third party campaigning during elections. The author also considers measures to increase the transparency of foreign influence, notably by strengthening ...

The last regular European Council meeting of 2022 ended with agreements on most open agenda points, notably the €18 billion of assistance to Ukraine and the ninth sanctions package. While the detailed decision on the cap for energy prices was left to the Energy Council to define, EU leaders specified in their conclusions that the proposal was to be finalised on 19 December 2022. In a long strategic discussion on EU-US relations, European Council members concurred that they want an active dialogue ...

Lage in Libyen

Auf einen Blick 16-11-2022

Nach der Verschiebung der Wahlen auf unbestimmte Zeit im Dezember 2021 verschlechterte sich die politische und die Sicherheitslage in Libyen im Jahr 2022 weiter, was dem politischen Stillstand und der Spaltung im Land zusätzlichen Vorschub leistete. In Libyen fehlt es nach wie vor an einheitlichen nationalen Institutionen, an einer allgemein anerkannten Verfassung und an einem Rahmen für die Abhaltung von Wahlen. Der neue Sondergesandte der Vereinten Nationen für Libyen, Abdoulaye Bathiliy, wurde ...

Der ukrainische Präsident Wolodymyr Selenskyj ersuchte im April 2022 zunächst den Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten (USA) und das Weiße Haus darum, Russland in die Liste der als dem Terrorismus Vorschub leistenden Staaten aufzunehmen. Seitdem hat er den Aufruf an Regierungen auf der ganzen Welt ausgeweitet. Sowohl das US-Repräsentantenhaus als auch der Senat haben Resolutionen verabschiedet, in denen der Außenminister Antony Blinken aufgefordert wird, Russland in die Liste aufzunehmen, was er bislang ...

Non-military coercion, which means using economic means to achieve political goals, has become an increasingly serious problem for EU governments and businesses. Experts believe that China, traditionally an opponent of economic sanctions, has been deploying coercive economic practices with growing intensity and scope, particularly since the reappointment of Xi Jinping as the country's president in 2018. Frequently deployed to gain leverage on issues such as territorial and maritime disputes, these ...

Outraged by Russia's illegal and unjustified invasion of Ukraine, European Union countries, in cooperation with other international partners, have imposed unprecedentedly tough sanctions on Russia, in a succession of packages since 23 February 2022, adding to those adopted in 2014 in response to the illegal annexation of Crimea. The EU has moved swiftly to approve an eighth package of EU sanctions, including the legal basis to cap Russian oil export prices, in retaliation for Russia's illegal annexation ...

Bericht 2021 über Serbien

Auf einen Blick 29-06-2022

Serbien, ein Land mit 6,9 Millionen Einwohnern, macht seit dem Jahr 2012, in dem es zum Bewerberland wurde, Fortschritte auf dem Weg zum EU-Beitritt. Trotz einiger Fortschritte steht Serbien vor drei wesentlichen Herausforderungen: der Verbesserung des internen politischen Dialogs, dem Abschluss eines umfassenden rechtsverbindlichen Normalisierungsabkommens mit dem Kosovo* und der Sicherstellung einer besseren Angleichung an die Außenpolitik der EU. Im Juli 2022 wird voraussichtlich im Plenum über ...