Suchen

Since 2012 media freedom has been in general decline. While statistics for the 2002-2021 time-period show that the number of killings of journalists has declined somewhat in recent years (since 2013), there has been a marked erosion of legally enabling environments and an increase in other damaging forms of targeted attacks on the media. These include non-lethal physical violence; legal, digital, psycho-social, gender and identity-based intimidation; and state-led capture of the media landscape, ...

Media freedom, a core EU value and a cornerstone of democracy, is a priority reform area in the Western Balkans' EU accession agenda. Yet, despite a certain level of preparedness and a broadly developed legal framework, aspirant countries keep facing systemic shortcomings that require long-term sustained efforts. These efforts have stalled in recent years, resulting in a 'no progress' situation.

Media freedom is one indicator of a country's commitment to democracy, good governance and political accountability, and thus its readiness for EU membership. As such, it represents a key element in any aspiring country's EU enlargement agenda, along with other fundamentals such as the rule of law and economic governance. Each of the Western Balkan countries – Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia – is at a different stage of the ...

Despite over a century of international harmonisation, copyright law remains essentially national law, even though some fundamental copyright norms are gradually converging. Today, copyright is regulated at international level mainly through the Bern Convention, the Universal Copyright Convention, and a series of other treaties administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization. At present, national copyright laws are grounded in a handful of universal rules and principles. Exclusive rights ...

Das Europäische Parlament fordert seit langem die Modernisierung des Rechtsrahmens für das Urheberrecht. Ein Vorschlag der Kommission zur Änderung des EU-Urheberrechts wird für Ende 2015 erwartet. Am 16. Juni 2015 nahm der Rechtsausschuss einen Initiativbericht über die Umsetzung eines der wichtigsten Rechtsakte über das Urheberrecht in der EU, die Urheberrechtsrichtlinie von 2001, an.

In October 2013, the European Commission published an overall positive report on Turkey, followed in November by the opening of Chapter 22 (Regional Policy and Coordination of Structural Instruments) of the accession negotiations. However, recent domestic developments have given rise to serious concern and overshadowed progress achieved by Turkey up to then.

The study elaborates on the European Union citizens’ right to be informed and to enjoy their right to access information. The approach adopted is two-fold: firstly, it aims at analysing the legal and factual situation of the media in the EU Member States; secondly, it explores the conditions under which the citizens can search for information of interest. Country reports represented in their integrality furtheron build the fundament for comparative analysis; another part of the study is dedicated ...

The demeaning portrayal of women in advertising, often criticised by women's rights associations, has negative so­cial effects in terms of equality between the gen­ders, and for public health. This delicate issue is regulated mostly at national level in the European Union. Indeed, even if political interest in this issue is reflected in the work of the Council of Europe and the European Parliament, there are relatively few binding legal acts at international or European level concerning this issue ...

In the twenty years since independence the development of free media in Croatia, alongside the birth of democracy and introduction of the market economy, has been a huge challenge. During the 1990s state censorship of the media continued to prevail. Since then the state of media freedoms has improved, but serious problems remain. This paper reviews the present state of affairs in the following four areas: (i) legal framework of the media, (ii) their ownership and financial situation, (iii) the freedom ...