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Offering an overview of cooperation in the EU defence industry, this paper aims to answer the following questions: What EU action has been taken and which laws apply? Is the European Defence Fund a game-changer? What are the achievements of and challenges facing Europe's defence industry? What role can the future combat air system play? Where does the European Parliament stand? With these initiatives and instruments in place, will the European Union be able to successfully enhance economic cooperation ...

Research and innovation

Briefing 13-11-2020

With less than seven per cent of the global population, the European Union (EU) accounts for almost 20 per cent of global investment in research and innovation (R&I). However, despite the well-known correlation between research, development, innovation and competitiveness, when it comes to R&I expenditure as a percentage of GDP, the Union performs poorly compared to South Korea, Japan, the United States (US) and China. Moreover, regional disparities in R&I and a lack of private investment are significant ...

Competition and consumer protection in the single market are often undermined by price discrimination based on residency. While many market players do not cooperate with the Commission, for instance not disclosing their pricing structure, Member States often do not have the means or the tools to collect and deliver the required information to the Commission. The SMIT proposal would provide the Commission with powers such as to request business-related information (e.g. cost structure or product volumes ...

The future of tertiary education in Europe

Λεπτομερής ανάλυση 28-09-2020

This analysis focuses on six challenges facing tertiary education in the EU: the need to maintain relevance to current and future aspirations, the impact of digital and disruptive technologies, the way it collaborates with business, global and intra-EU collaboration, quality assurance, financing and barriers to inclusion. It also looks at trends in two of the largest higher education systems outside the European Higher Education Area, those in the United States and China. This provides the backdrop ...

The public sector is an important employer, service provider and procurer. Innovations in the public sector mainly focus on processes, products, organisation and communication. Citizens and businesses alike benefit from a professional and modern public administration in terms of better governance, faster service delivery, co-creation and co-design of politics. There is no overall European Union law that targets public sector innovation per se. The European Commission, however, provides guidelines ...

As part of the common European response to the coronavirus outbreak, the European Commission has mobilised €1 billion under Horizon 2020, and launched several special actions to tackle the coronavirus pandemic in Europe and abroad. These actions address, inter alia, the development of diagnostics, treatments and vaccines, and the enhancement of infrastructures and resources that enable research. The European Research Area’s action plan prioritises mainly better cooperation, data-sharing, and funding ...

State aid can be defined as an advantage given by a government that may provide a company with an unfair competitive edge over its commercial rivals. State aid can take several forms, such as public subsidies, tax relief, or the purchasing of goods and services on preferential terms. While the European Union (EU) competition rules consider State aid to be incompatible with the internal market, they allow such aid when it promotes general economic development, for example, when tackling the challenges ...

This briefing is one in a set looking at the Commissioners-designate and their portfolios as put forward by Commission President-elect Ursula von der Leyen. Each candidate faces a three-hour public hearing, organised by one or more parliamentary committees. After that process, those committees will judge the candidates' suitability for the role based on 'their general competence, European commitment and personal independence', as well as their 'knowledge of their prospective portfolio and their communication ...

This briefing is one in a set looking at the Commissioners-designate and their portfolios as put forward by Commission President-elect Ursula von der Leyen. Each candidate faces a three-hour public hearing, organised by one or more parliamentary committees. After that process, those committees will judge the candidates' suitability for the role based on 'their general competence, European commitment and personal independence', as well as their 'knowledge of their prospective portfolio and their communication ...

The ERA is a coordination system for national research infrastructures, and itself constitutes an infrastructure designed to create a single market for science. The main implementing instrument for the ERA is the European Union (EU) framework programme for research and innovation (R&I), currently Horizon 2020, alongside national roadmaps for implementing the common priorities. While the ERA offers a way to improve joint programming for research and innovation activities, interaction between research ...