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As the European Union's only directly elected institution, the European Parliament stands at the heart of European representative democracy, the foundation upon which the EU is built. Since its creation, the Parliament's powers have evolved significantly, and it is now a fully fledged legislative body and forum for discussion and engagement, whose influence is felt in virtually all areas of EU activity. This paper offers an overview of the European Parliament's main powers, demonstrating how they ...

Ukraine: Military state of play – February 2024

Εν συντομία 21-02-2024

Two years after the start of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, the war appears to be at a stalemate. While Ukraine successfully recaptured large parts of its territory in the summer and autumn of 2022, the 2023 counter-offensive was not successful in liberating the whole of Ukraine and the war has turned into one of attrition. The European Union and United States have provided Ukraine with substantial military assistance, but continued military support is facing political challenges in ...

The geopolitical dimension of enlargement policy became more pronounced in 2022, when Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia asked to join the EU. Since then, fresh geopolitical challenges have accelerated the need to reform enlargement policy and cemented a shift towards the merit-based integration of new countries. Geopolitical considerations include security and defence and also foreign policy alignment, for instance in terms of relations with strategic competitors, such as China and Russia. Enlargement ...

On 2 March 2023, Ukraine sent a request for assistance to the EU for the supply of 155 mm-calibre artillery rounds. On 20 March, the Council agreed on a three-track proposal on ammunition (delivery from existing stocks; joint procurement from industry; increasing production). Its main aim is to provide one million rounds of artillery ammunition for Ukraine up to March 2024. It is unclear whether Member States and industry will be able to deliver on time. To date, 300 000 rounds of ammunition have ...

Ever since the end of the Cold War, Armenia and Azerbaijan have been in conflict over Nagorno Karabakh, in the longest-running conflict in the post-Soviet space. Two bloody war episodes, in 1992 and in 2020, have alternated with periods of frozen conflict over three decades, amidst the inability of the international community to find a political settlement. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has further altered the power balance in the region, creating a dangerous security vacuum ...

Moldova on the path to EU membership

Εν συντομία 26-05-2023

Russia's war on Ukraine has changed geopolitical realities on the continent. Since the war began, Moldova has been granted EU candidate country status. It will also host the second European Political Community summit on 1 June 2023. President Maia Sandu – supported by the country's government, led by Dorin Recean – has put forward a modernisation agenda for the country despite difficult economic and geopolitical circumstances.

Russia-Belarus military cooperation

Εν συντομία 15-02-2023

As shown by the 2020 presidential elections in Belarus, the power of Aliaksandr Lukashenka depends entirely on Russia. That is why his regime has offered his country's territory to Russia to support it in its aggression against Ukraine. The question is whether the Belarusian army is capable of supporting Russia in direct battle, without further undermining the stability of Lukashenka's regime. As bilateral military cooperation progresses, with repetitive military exercises and a growing Russian military ...

On 23 November 2022, the European Parliament partnered with Eurocities to launch the 'Generators of Hope' campaign in order to provide Ukraine with energy equipment for the winter. Russian attacks on civilian infrastructure temporarily left around 10 million Ukrainians without electricity, while temperatures have already dropped below zero. The campaign will facilitate city-to-city donations of power generators, transformers and other devices, sent with the logistical support of the EU Civil Protection ...

Respect for fundamental freedoms and human rights is a core value of the EU, which it promotes through its policies. The European Parliament's Sakharov Prize honours the work of those who stand up for these freedoms and rights. With peace and human rights under increased attack today, the prize remains as relevant as ever. This year it has been awarded to the brave people of Ukraine, represented by their president, elected leaders, and civil society, who have fought hard and sacrificed a lot to protect ...

Russia's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine triggered fears of an unprecedented global food crisis, adding to the devastating impact of the war. A swift response by the international community, including the United Nations–Türkiye-brokered Black Sea Grain Initiative, has been instrumental in unblocking Ukrainian food exports and stabilising the markets. Combined with the EU solidarity lanes launched in May 2022, more than 25 million tonnes have been exported. On 17 November, Russia confirmed, in extremis ...