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The Commission mobilised considerable time and resources to prepare this initiative, in an extensive 'back to back' (ex post evaluation and ex ante impact assessment) process that started in 2018 with the set-up of the Advisory Group on Vehicle Emission Standards. The IA draws on numerous external studies, stakeholder consultations, relevant data sources and approved modelling tools (SYBIL and COPERT). In spite of some weaknesses in the definition of the problems and objectives, the intervention ...

This study provides an up-to-date expert assessment and comparison between the life cycle’s carbon footprint of BEV and ICEV passenger cars. It presents evidence from the literature and from LCA modelling and concludes with policy recommendations. The analysis includes sensitivities, regional variations for six Member States, and also the effects of technical and legislative development on the potential outlook up to 2050.

Defining fishing vessels' characteristics

Εν συντομία 29-03-2017

One dimension of the EU common fisheries policy consists of managing the European fishing fleet and its overall fishing capacity. Rules on the conservation of fisheries resources may vary depending on the features of fishing vessels. During its April I plenary, the Parliament is expected to vote at first reading on a proposal to recast the rules regarding technical characteristics of fishing vessels.

Air pollution from non-road mobile machinery

Εν συντομία 30-06-2016

Despite improvements in recent decades, air pollution in Europe remains a concern. In September 2014, the Commission put forward a proposal to review the type-approval and emission limits for 'non-road mobile machinery', covering a variety of machines powered by combustion engines which contribute to air pollution in the European Union. First reading negotiations with the Council have delivered a compromise which now awaits a vote in plenary.

This note seeks to provide an initial analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Commission's Impact Assessment (IA) accompanying the proposal for a Regulation relating to emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery. Non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) is a term that encompasses a wide range of equipment. Small handheld equipment, construction and forestry machinery, generators, railcars, locomotives and inland waterway vessels (IWV ...

The aeronautics and the automotive sector play a crucial role in maintaining Europe’s industrial and technological base and its strong hold on the international market. These sectors also face similar challenges. Those challenges relate to rapid technological change, globalization and fighting climate change. The present study aims to identify the most promising technological synergies based on the available literature and explore the benefits of fostering those synergies and the R&D cooperation ...