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Substances used to suppress, eradicate and prevent organisms that are considered harmful are grouped under the term ‘pesticide’. The term includes both plant protection products (used on plants in agriculture, horticulture, parks and gardens) and biocidal products (used in other applications, for example, as a disinfectant or to protect materials). Pesticides can be useful in a number of circumstances, for example, in overcoming diseases and increasing agricultural yields. However, they are not without ...

'Trans fats' or 'trans fatty acids' (TFAs) are a type of unsaturated fatty acids that have been widely used in the food industry since the 1950s. There is now broad scientific consensus that high consumption of trans fats significantly increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and may also be associated with increased risk of other cardiovascular diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes. The main dietary source of industrial trans fats are partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. The World ...

This document was prepared on behalf of Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy. It reviews the current level of technology development for the recovery of rare earths from electronic waste and examines the parameters that affect its development at the industrial scale and the opportunities arising for high tech SMEs. It also reviews the existing policy framework and provides a set of recommendations for improved implementation of existing actions and ...

This report summarises the presentations and discussions at the Workshop on electronic cigarettes, held on 7 May 2013 at the European Parliament. The aims of the workshop were to exchange information on how different jurisdictions deal with the regulation of the electronic cigarette and to be informed on the status of the scientific evidence concerning long-term health effects. The workshop was hosted by MEP Linda McAvan (S&D, UK), ENVI Committee, Rapporteur on Tobacco Products Directive.

This note seeks to provide an initial analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Commission's Impact Assessment (IA) accompanying the proposal for a Regulation on fluorinated greenhouse gases. Fluorinated gases or F-gases are very potent greenhouse gases, whose climate impact is up to 23,000 times higher than CO2. Currently they account for 2 per cent of greenhouse gases in the EU. F-gases are commodities used in a large variety of products and equipment, including refrigeration, ...

The European Parliament has adopted a resolution that proposes focusing Research and Development on the substitution of critical raw materials to support sustainable development and encourage growth in the European economy. This study addresses the question of which measures could foster the substitution of critical raw materials in the European Union. The main conclusion of the study is that the substitution of critical raw materials needs consistent and multidisciplinary research and development ...