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Metaverse: Opportunities, risks and policy implications
One of the most talked about concepts in modern technology, the metaverse can be described as an immersive and constant virtual 3D world where people interact by means of an avatar to carry out a wide range of activities. Such activities can range from leisure and gaming to professional and commercial interactions, financial transactions or even health interventions such as surgery. While the exact scope and impact of the metaverse on society and on the economy is still unknown, it can already be ...
Online platforms: Economic and societal effects
Online platforms such as Google, Amazon, and Facebook play an increasingly central role in the economy and society. They operate as digital intermediaries across interconnected sectors and markets subject to network effects. These firms have grown to an unprecedented scale, propelled by data-driven business models. Online platforms have a massive impact on individual users and businesses, and are recasting the relationships between customers, advertisers, workers, and employers. This has triggered ...
Rapport annuel sur la politique de concurrence de l’Union européenne
Au cours de la session de mars I, le Parlement examinera le rapport annuel 2019 sur la politique de concurrence de l’Union européenne, adopté par la commission des affaires économiques et monétaires. Ce rapport souligne l’orientation de plus en plus internationale prise par la politique de concurrence à l’ère de la mondialisation et de la numérisation de l’économie. Il met également l’accent sur l’efficacité des instruments de la politique de concurrence et sur la façon dont ils peuvent être utilisés ...
Politique de concurrence de l’Union européenne: La clé d’un marché unique équitable
La politique de concurrence apporte une contribution positive à la croissance économique de l’Union européenne et l’Union dispose de l’un des systèmes de politique de concurrence les plus robustes au monde. La politique de concurrence européenne englobe de nombreux domaines, notamment les mesures en matière d’ententes et d’abus de position dominante, le contrôle des concentrations et les aides d’État. Elle est mise en application par la Commission européenne dont les décisions peuvent être contestées ...
Politique de la concurrence
Le traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne (traité FUE) contient dans ses articles 101 à 109 des règles relatives à la concurrence sur le marché intérieur. Conformément à ces règles, les accords entre entreprises restreignant la concurrence sont interdits. Il est interdit aux entreprises dominantes sur le marché d’abuser de leur position pour influencer les échanges entre les États membres. Les fusions et acquisitions de dimension européenne sont contrôlées par la Commission européenne ...
Competition Policy and an Internal Energy Market - Study concept and preliminary results
The study will describe the challenges for competition policy in relation to the internal energy market. It explores the specific topics related to the internal energy market and analyses the competition policy issues arising from the topics. The study will mainly focus on competition policy and its instruments such as anti-trust laws, merger regulation, sector regulation and State aid. Other policy fields fall outside the scope. This presentation of the approach and preliminary results was prepared ...
Cross-Border Mergers and Divisions, Transfers of Seat: Is there a Need to Legislate?
The Study analyses whether and to what extent there is a need to legislate with respect to cross-border mergers, cross-border divisions and cross-border transfers of seat (cross-border conversions). Affirming a clear need for such legislation, it is recommended to extend the Cross-Border Mergers Directive into a single Cross-Border Mobility Directive encompassing revised rules on cross-border mergers as well as new rules on cross-border divisions and cross-border transfers of seat for all legal ...
La présente étude décrit les défis que doit relever la politique de la concurrence à l'heure de l'économie numérique. Elle examine les différentes caractéristiques des marchés de l'économie numérique et leurs répercussions sur la politique de la concurrence. L'étude s'intéresse à la politique de la concurrence et aux instruments y afférents, comme les lois antitrust, le règlement sur les concentrations, les aides d'État et la réglementation sectorielle. Les domains stratégiques voisins, comme la ...
EU competition policy: key to a fair Single Market
The aim of EU competition policy is to safeguard the Single Market by ensuring that enterprises can compete on equal terms. Competition policy encompasses a wide range of areas: antitrust and cartels, merger examination, state aid, the liberalisation of markets and international cooperation. Recent developments include the private antitrust damages actions directive, the recommendation on collective redress and complex modernisation of the state aid rules. Finding effective deterrents to cartels ...
EU and US competition policies: Similar objectives, different approaches
Both the EU and the US have well-developed competition policies that aim to prevent and penalise anticompetitive behaviour. Although the EU and US systems share similar aims, there are a number of significant differences. The EU has an administrative system for antitrust enforcement, in which companies are penalised with fines. In contrast, US antitrust enforcement is based on criminal law, with financial and custodial penalties against individuals.