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There are no provisions in the EU Treaties or in secondary EU law on the procedure for deciding on the location of an EU agency. Article 341 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) refers only to the EU institutions. This legal vacuum has generated different practices over time and power struggles among the Member States. The most recent example of conflicting national interests was the case of the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Following the withdrawal of the United Kingdom ...

In recent years, the United States (US) has witnessed a growing number of terrorist attacks by domestic violent extremists. Many incidents at large-scale demonstrations across the country have increased the visibility of the problem and provoked strong reactions among civilians, law enforcement and policy-makers alike. When on 6 January 2021 a crowd of supporters of the then US President, Donald Trump, broke into the US Capitol while Congress was certifying the results of the 2020 presidential election ...

This study examines the management of Contract Agents in seven decentralised Agencies of the European Union: ECHA, EEA, EIGE, ENISA, ESMA, Eurofound and Europol. It evaluates the evolution of Contract Agents as part of the workforce, and presents findings on processes related to personnel budgeting, recruitment and retention, salary and remuneration, and advancement prospects for contract staff. This document was prepared by the Policy Department at the request of the Committee on Budgetary Control ...

Decentralisation, and implementation of the principle of subsidiarity, are at the heart of both EU accession negotiations with the Western Balkan countries and their accession-related reforms. As the region's six countries differ in population size, territory and history, their decentralisation models differ from each other as well. The European Commission and the European Parliament are closely monitoring these countries' overall progress in multi-level governance and in the implementation of the ...

In November 2021, the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) requested an own-initiative annual report on the implementation of the association agreement between the EU and Georgia (2021/2236(INI)). Sven Mikser (S&D, Estonia) is the appointed rapporteur. The Ex-Post Evaluation Unit (EVAL) within the European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS) has prepared this European implementation assessment (EIA) to accompany the scrutiny work of AFET. This EIA is an update of a European ...

L’Union européenne a décentralisé un certain nombre de fonctions, en implantant des agences dans toute l’Union européenne. De nombreux facteurs influencent le choix du (des) siège (s) d’une agence, y compris l’objectif politique de répartition uniforme des agences. Toutefois, la localisation d’une agence a une incidence sur sa capacité à s’acquitter de ses tâches de manière efficace et efficiente. Le présent rapport analyse si les sites de l’agence remplissent les critères requis.

Les conseils d’administration des agences décentralisées de l’UE ont un rôle essentiel à jouer pour garantir la bonne gouvernance des agences. La présente étude examine les pratiques établies des conseils d’administration. En particulier, elle évalue l’efficacité et l’efficience des méthodes de travail des conseils et les principaux facteurs qui influent sur leurs performances. L’étude examine les principales questions de gouvernance, notamment la taille et la composition des conseils d’administration ...

Until his downfall in 1998, General Suharto ruled Indonesia with an iron fist. Since then, a series of reforms have transformed his authoritarian 'New Order' into the world's third largest democracy (and largest Muslim democracy). Indonesia has a presidential system in which a directly elected president serves as both head of state and of government. A maximum two-term limit on the presidency helps to ensure a peaceful alternation of power. Also directly elected, the House of Representatives (the ...

Signing and ratifying Association Agreements with Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine has proven to be an impressive affirmation of Brussels’ soft power. The EU’s overtures have persuaded elites and mobilised societies despite the fact that the Agreements come neither with a membership promise nor with the kind of financial assistance that has been given to the EU’s new member states. EU assistance has been effective in restoring macro-financial stability in all three countries. While costs of compliance ...

Cette étude fait partie d'un projet plus global qui a pour but d’analyser depuis une perspective de droit comparé les recours des particuliers devant les plus hautes juridictions de différents États ainsi que devant certaines juridictions internationales. L’objet de cette étude est d’examiner les différents recours à disposition des particuliers en droit canadien, et en particulier devant la Cour suprême du Canada. Pour ce faire, le texte est divisé en cinq parties. L’introduction offre un survol ...