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Several simultaneous crises have put renewed pressure on the European Union to revise decision-making procedures and economic policies. Russia’s war on Ukraine, growing protectionism worldwide, technological rivalry with China and the US, problems with the rule of law in some Member States, post-pandemic issues and migration woes pose many challenges on the political side. On the economic front, many economists and politicians are calling for fiscal reforms, energy system overhaul and new EU funds ...

The Conference on the Future of Europe is an opportunity to reflect on the Union's democratic foundations, including the legislative role of the Council of the European Union (EU) and its relations with the European Parliament. Is it pertinent to reform the Council, either by reinforcing its parliamentary features or by transforming it into a Senate or a Second Chamber? Would such a change enhance the democratic legitimacy of the EU decision-making process? To answer these questions, this study looks ...

La présente étude, commandée par le département thématique des droits des citoyens et des affaires constitutionnelles du Parlement européen à la demande de la commission LIBE, vise à fournir des informations d’ordre général sur le cadre juridique actuel d’Europol ainsi qu’une évaluation juridique de la proposition de la Commission européenne du 9 décembre 2020 visant à renforcer le mandat d’Europol, articulée autour de différents thèmes. L’évaluation juridique s’accompagne de recommandations stratégiques ...

The European Commission adopted the proposal on the establishment of the Reform Support Programme on 31 May 2018, as part of the package for the upcoming multiannual financial framework for 2021-2027. The programme will provide financial and technical support for Member States to implement reforms aimed at increasing the resilience of their economies and modernising them, including priority reforms identified in the European Semester. The overall budget for the programme is €25 billion. It comprises ...

At the 72nd United Nations (UN) General Assembly on 18 September 2017, 120 countries expressed their commitment to the reforms proposed by UN Secretary-General António Guterres. Since 1946, the UN has undergone a number of reforms either in whole or in part. The term 'reform' has proved troublesome for UN member states on account of its lack of clarity and the lack of consensus as to execution. This is particularly apparent in the scepticism expressed by the United States (US) in 2018 regarding the ...

This study commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the AFCO Committee discusses the parliamentary nature of the Council. It analyses how the Council is in between a pure parliamentary institution and a non-parliamentary one from a wide range of perspectives, for example its structure, procedure and transparency. The study recommends incremental reforms towards further parliamentarisation rather than radical ones ...

La Commission européenne a proposé une révision des règlements fondateurs de trois agences décentralisées (Cedefop, Eurofound et EU-OSHA) pour mettre à jour leurs objectifs et leurs missions, et définir plus précisément leurs rôles dans l’appui aux institutions et organes de l’Union européenne, aux États membres et aux partenaires sociaux, ainsi qu’aux entités chargées de donner corps et de mettre en œuvre les politiques au niveau européen et national dans leurs domaines d’action respectifs. Les ...

Fondée sur un large éventail de sources d’archives accessibles depuis peu, cette étude examine les politiques du Parlement européen en matière de réforme institutionnelle des Communautés européennes entre 1979 et 1989. Elle présente la manière dont le Parlement a rempli des fonctions essentielles dans le processus de constitutionnalisation de l’Union européenne d’aujourd’hui. Il s’agissait notamment de définir un ensemble de critères pour une gouvernance efficace et démocratique, d’élaborer des concepts ...

Among the legislative proposals for the spending programmes of the MFF 2021-2027, the European Commission has proposed to establish a Reform Support Programme for structural reforms. The IA accompanying the proposal provides a good review of the baseline scenario, the problem to tackle and the objectives to achieve. However, it concentrates on the expected positive effects of the programme, rather than assessing thoroughly the impacts of alternative options against the baseline scenario like a standard ...

In recent years the EU concluded Association Agreements, including the creation of a Comprehensive Free Trade Areas with Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. These are amongst the most complex and comprehensive legal treaties concluded by the EU with third countries. The treaties place a profound obligation on the partner countries of legal approximation, that is, to undertake extensive, binding commitments to adopt vast swathes of the acquis in order to stimulate political and economic development and ...