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This study has been commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the AFCO Committee. It analyses the possibilities and challenges regarding unanimity and qualified majority voting as well as the use of passerelle clauses in EU decision-making, with a special focus on the use of qualified majority voting in the European Union’s Common Foreign and Security Policy.

La Conférence ministérielle de Doha du 14 novembre 2001 a fixé un nouveau programme global de négociations agricoles.

Suite à l'adoption de plusieurs actes législatifs européens, tant les transports routiers internationaux que le cabotage des marchandises et des personnes ont été progressivement libéralisés.

EU-Canada negotiations for a Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) began in May 2009 and concluded in September 2014. Signed in October 2016, the agreement's overall aim is to increase flows of goods, services and investment. This publication analyses the extent to which public services are protected in CETA. The trade agreement takes the public sector into account by means of a (general) public sector carve-out and specific reservations introduced by the EU and the Member States in the ...

With 23 participating countries, including all of the world’s largest financial centres, covering the vast bulk of global financial services trade, the TiSA negotiations on financial services trade are strategically important for the EU. They are likely to deliver commitments and rules, which go significantly beyond the GATS package negotiated over two decades ago – and to extend their umbrella to a greater range of countries. In addition, the level of market access commitments ultimately incorporated ...

The EU-Switzerland Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons, signed in 1999, is linked to six other agreements. As the EU incorporated new Member States, the bilateral agreements with Switzerland were extended to new EU countries. The Swiss government has already applied a ‘safeguard clause’ to limit the longterm residence permits for EU citizens. The Swiss authorities must implement the referendum within three years. The EU may choose among different courses of action, which would involve the European ...

La présente note a pour objectif de fournir une première analyse des points forts et des faiblesses de l'analyse d'impact (AI) de la Commission européenne accompagnant sa proposition relative à un règlement du Parlement européen et du Conseil modifiant le règlement (CE) n° 1225/2009 du Conseil relatif à la défense contre les importations qui font l'objet d'un dumping de la part de pays non membres de la Communauté européenne et le règlement (CE) n° 597/2009 du Conseil relatif à la défense contre ...

Proceedings of the workshop on "Towards a Reform of the EU's Trade Defence Instruments (TDI)?", held on 18 December 2012 in Brussels.

The EU's sanctions policy under the CFSP framework is guided by the EU's overarching foreign policy principle of effective multilateralism, with the United Nations (UN) at its core. Thus the EU implements mandatory sanctions adopted by the UN Security Council in order to maintain or restore international peace and security.