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Energy poverty in the EU

Briefing 18-09-2023

In 2022, over 41 million Europeans were unable to keep their homes adequately warm. Energy poverty is a multi-dimensional phenomenon, considered to be caused by a combination of low income, high energy expenses, and poor energy efficiency in buildings. The EU has been addressing this issue in various legislative and non-legislative initiatives, most recently in the context of its climate policies and energy transition, as well as the energy crisis. The Gas and Electricity Directives ensure the protection ...

In light of the current needs to reduce energy demand to cope with supply difficulties resulting from the Russian-led war in Ukraine, the Economic Governance Support Unit together with services of EU national parliaments launched in mid-September an initiative to collect available public data on energy-saving measures decided or proposed by their government targeted to households, enterprises and public administrations at national levels. This document includes a summary of the national saving measures ...

The increase of severe food insecurity is a major point of concern. At the request of the Parliament’s Development committee, two briefings were prepared to explore the role of food security and nutrition as basic interventions in development policies. By drawing on a series of ‘stories from the field’, the first briefing showed the importance of focusing on supporting local food systems, while incorporating a household-centric view of crop diversification and resilience. The second briefing built ...

Review of the EU ETS: Fit for 55

Kratki prikaz 20-06-2022

On 14 July 2021, as part of the 'Fit for 55' package, the Commission presented a legislative proposal for a revision of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), to align it with the target set in the European Climate Law of a 55 % reduction of EU net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030, compared to 1990 levels. The report of the Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI) was rejected in the June I plenary session, but has been re-tabled for the June II session, including those ...

Social climate fund

Kratki prikaz 01-06-2022

As part of the 'fit for 55' package, the Commission has proposed the creation of a social climate fund (SCF) to compensate vulnerable households, micro-businesses and transport users for some of the costs of the green transition. The fund would be financed primarily through the extension of the EU emissions trading system to cover the buildings and transport sectors. Members will debate the SCF during the June I 2022 plenary session.

Most economic decisions of economic agents are based upon expectations of inflation. Inflation expectations play an important role for the determination of inflation and the transmission of monetary policy. They are not observable and are inferred from alternative indicators. We show that all these measures generally fail to predict inflation. We also assess their anchoring and show that long-term expectations are better anchored to the inflation target than inflation expectations at shorter horizons ...

Housing costs make up a significant part of households' final consumption expenditures. However, these costs are only partially captured by the inflation indicator on which the European Central Bank (ECB) bases its monetary policy decisions. While the costs of paying rent feed into the harmonised index of consumer prices (HICP) – the indicator used to assess the achievement of the ECB's price stability objective – the costs of living in a home owned by the occupier do not. Instead, only expenditure ...

This study analyses the impacts that energy efficiency has on low-income households; to what degree energy efficiency policies should specifically target low-income households; and in which circumstances they should be combined with social policies addressing energy consumption in low-income households. The study aims to support a balanced debate on policy options to fight energy poverty, in particular in the context of the revision of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the Energy Performance ...

More than one in four children in the European Union (EU) is at risk of poverty or social exclusion. The poverty rate for children is higher than that for any other age group, though it varies widely across Member States. Furthermore, between 2008 and 2014, Europe has witnessed a rise in the number of severely deprived children. The five main factors affecting child poverty are: the composition of the household in which a child lives, the parents' labour market situation, the mother’s own working ...