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This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, analyses the proposal for a Regulation establishing the EPPO. The evolution of the text is analysed through a comparison between the initial Commission proposal and the current version of the text (dated of 28 October 2016). The paper assesses whether the EPPO, as it is currently envisaged, would fit the objectives assigned to it, whether it ...

The CIA's extraordinary rendition and secret detention programme has again come under the scrutiny of the European Parliament, which will ask the Commission and the Council during the June plenary about the measures taken to implement Parliament's recommendations on the matter.

This Research Paper examines the costs of non-Europe in the field of organised crime. It provides an interdisciplinary analysis of the main legal/ethical, socio-political and economic costs and benefits of the EU in policies on organised crime. It offers an in-depth examination of the transformative contribution that the EU has made, in terms of investigation, prosecution and efficiency, to trans-border operational activities and the protection of its citizens’ rights. Finally, it seeks to answer ...

The United States has a long history of dealing with organised crime. Specific federal laws have been adopted and a number of government agencies set up to tackle various aspects of such criminal activities. Federal law enforcement agencies have played an important role in dealing with organised crime and drug-trafficking organisations, with drugs addressed separately to some extent. The Department of Justice and its two component agencies (the FBI and the DEA) are the main bodies involved, although ...

Witness testimony has critical value in investigating and prosecuting crime. For this reason many witnesses – in particular those who testify against organised crime – are intimidated and threatened. The state responds to this by granting witnesses various forms of protection. It sometimes goes as far as to relocate witnesses and give them new identity through participation in witness protection programmes.

Various stakeholders have expressed concerns about how the European Arrest Warrant (EAW) operates in practice, in particular in relation to the procedural rights of surrendered persons. The 2011 Commission report on implementing the EAW Council Framework Decision has confirmed persistent problems in this respect.

The retention of data for the purpose of investigating and prosecuting serious crime is currently governed by the 2006 EU Data Retention Directive (DRD).

Italy is the location of one of five criminal hubs in the EU, according to Europol. The Italian State has developed an extensive corpus of legislation and administrative measures to prevent, combat and disrupt the activities of criminal networks such as Mafia, Camorra, 'Ndrangheta, and Sacra Corona Unita. Key elements of Italian law in this field are outlined below.

For the United States, the Terrorist Finance Tracking Programme is an essential element of its counter-terrorism policy. It relies on 'data sets' obtained under subpoena from the SWIFT worldwide messaging system, allowing it to track financial transactions from across the world, and initially including Europe.  In 2009, SWIFT moved its European transaction data to Europe, forcing the US to negotiate with European governments for continued access to the data. The move also coincided with the increase ...

Europol's competencies have grown remarka­bly since it was created and now include combating organised crime, terrorism and numerous forms of serious crime. Although the Lisbon Treaty precludes the use of coercive measures by Europol, it is argued that the Office has already acquired some executive powers.