Cercare

Since 2004, the European Union has established mode-specific regulations for passenger rights in air, rail, waterborne, and road transport. Despite progress, challenges persist, affecting the quality of service and creating barriers for seamless travel. These challenges include insufficient passenger information, difficulties in asserting rights, disparity in enforcement, consistency issues from one mode to another, the absence of legal provisions for multimodal travel, and a lack of protection against ...

Biometric passports have progressively become the global standard since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, but questions continue to be raised as to how secure they really are. Weaknesses have been observed on the technological side and in the procedures for issuing passports, as well as in the reliability of the basic documents and data required to obtain a passport.

This note was presented by the author for a workshop organised by the Committee on Constitutional Affairs on 25/26 March 2008. Based on a retrospective analysis of the frequency and quality of different forms of dual citizenship the paper evaluates the consequences of recent changes in national immigration and citizenship laws of selected EU member states. Finally, it highlights the tension between the mobility of persons, the interconnectedness of societies and the internal coherence of states.