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This document presents some features of the National Productivity Boards (originally proposed as Competitiveness Boards), introduced in the context of the deepening of the Economic and Monetary Union. It also provides some information on the status of implementation of National Productivity Boards in the Euro area Member States. This is an update of a previous version published in 2018.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been the subject of such strong political and social debate that the question of its suitability for its main original purpose – improving supply chain efficiency – may come as a surprise. What if AI really could help strategic sectors cope with pressure? More specifically, could the agri-food sector benefit from this technology to compensate for the shortages broadly forecast as a result of today's crises?

KEY FINDINGS Open office spaces are introduced for the following reason: - Saving costs on real estate. Real estate expenses are the second largest costs for a company. By creating more workplaces in the same amount of square meters costs can be reduced on buildings and maintenance. - Increase communication. If people are in closer proximity from one another and move around freely communication will increase. - Improve team work. As teams are now sharing the same space knowledge sharing will ...

International value chains have emerged as the new paradigm for the organisation of production globally. Today, most production processes across the world are vertically fragmented as a result of the increased unbundling of tasks and functions and their sourcing from different geographical locations. The extent to which this expansion in supply-chain trade is global in character (which some describe as the 'Factory World' phenomenon), or is rather based on more intra-regional ties clustered around ...

Productivity has a key role to play in the EU's long-term economic growth. The recent economic recovery has reversed the negative trend but concerns remain about long-term prospects. Productivity varies across the EU, with newer Member States reaching only about half the level of the older ones (EU-15) when measured in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) per hour worked, but showing a higher growth dynamic. The recent poor productivity growth in the EU raises a number of important policy questions ...

This STOA study investigates the potential employment effects of new information and communication technologies, by examining the relationship between innovation, new technologies, employment and inequality. It reviews the existing literature and experiences of previous technological revolutions, and argues that the race between job creation through new products, and job destruction from process innovation, has been won in the past by the job-creating effects of innovation. It concludes that there ...

This paper investigates the possibility that there has been a structural shift in inflation (upward) in the euro area since the recovery in 2014 or 2015. From the perspective of policy, it is important to be sure that any such shifts are significant statistically, sustained or likely to be sustained (durable) over the near future, and are evenly distributed over the member economies so that no one of them is damaged by anti-inflation measures taken to help the others. We approach the problem in ...

Per migliorare l'efficienza commerciale e aumentare la trasparenza finanziaria dei principali porti marittimi dell'UE, nel 2013 la Commissione europea ha proposto un nuovo regolamento. Dopo l'accordo conseguito con il Consiglio in sede di trilogo si prevede in dicembre il voto in Aula. A differenza delle varie proposte sui porti respinte in precedenza, questa non incide sulle norme sociali e occupazionali degli Stati membri.

La crescita verde – come strumento per conciliare la crescita economica e la sostenibilità ambientale – offre una serie di opportunità commerciali per le PMI. Le imprese possono trarre beneficio dall'immissione in commercio di prodotti e servizi ecologici e dall'ecologizzazione delle loro attività. Per contribuire a superare gli attuali ostacoli e consentire alle PMI di sfruttare il potenziale della crescita verde, la Commissione europea ha proposto un piano d'azione verde per le PMI.

Following disregard in the 1980s, industrial policy has recently attracted policy attention at EU level. The objective of this study provided by Policy Department A at the request of the ITRE Committee, is to establish the state of the art of a coordinated and integrated EU industrial policy. It assesses current initiatives, policies and arrangements and proposes an overview of stakeholders’ positions at EU and national levels in order to feed into the debate on how to improve competitiveness and ...