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For over 30 years, the EU has been pursuing the objective of developing an efficient and competitive EU-wide railway network, the single European railway area. By integrating national rail systems, rail should become more competitive, ultimately allowing transport to become more sustainable. Efficient, safe and interoperable rail services need train drivers who can work seamlessly across borders and across operational and language barriers. In the absence of an EU-wide certification scheme, however ...

The Analytical Study suggests that the seven EU agencies in the health and safety field demonstrate strong European added value and that this is widely recognised by Member States and other stakeholders including business. The agencies have played an important role in the COVID-19 pandemic. More generally. the study concludes that the cost of ‘non-agencies’, i.e. a situation where the agencies ceased to exist, would be higher to the European Commission, national authorities and business than the ...

Established in 2004, and based in Valenciennes (France), the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) was set up to build a Single European Railway Area (SERA) and to make rail more effective and competitive. To contribute to these goals, ERA is tasked with enhancing technical compatibility and safety across EU rail systems. The EU's adoption of the technical component of the Fourth Railway Package in April 2016 has expanded ERA's powers, making the Agency a key player in rail security and interoperability ...

La politica europea del trasporto ferroviario è volta alla creazione di uno spazio ferroviario unico. L'apertura del settore alla concorrenza, iniziata nel 2001, è stata oggetto, nell'arco di dieci anni, di tre pacchetti e di una rifusione. Il quarto pacchetto, destinato a completare la liberalizzazione del traffico ferroviario, è stato adottato in prima lettura, nella sua interezza, dal Parlamento europeo (febbraio 2014) e, per quanto riguarda il pilastro tecnico, anche in seconda lettura (28 aprile ...

In the early 20th century, rail was by far the most important mode for hauling goods across Europe. Since then, the freight market has undergone profound changes. In 2014, rail accounted for less than 12 % of all freight in the EU, while its main competitor, road haulage, achieved roughly a 50 % market share. This development entailed environmental concerns, road being considered more detrimental to the environment than rail. In the context of a predicted increase in freight transport, the EU has ...

Established in 2004 and based in Valenciennes (France), the European Railway Agency (ERA) was set up with a view to revitalising the rail sector and creating a Single European Railway Area (SERA) by eliminating regulatory and operational differences across EU rail systems. The 2013 Commission legislative proposals, known as the 'Fourth Railway Package', were adopted by the European Parliament in April 2016 after long negotiations. Among these proposals is a new regulation on ERA, renamed the EU Agency ...

Far circolare un treno da un paese all'altro è un procedimento piuttosto complesso e costoso in quanto presuppone la compatibilità tecnica dei diversi sistemi e delle infrastrutture ferroviarie, nonché un approccio comune in materia di sicurezza. Nonostante i notevoli risultati che l'Unione ha ottenuto dalla fine degli anni '80 ad oggi sul fronte dell'armonizzazione dei sistemi ferroviari e della creazione di uno spazio ferroviario integrato dell'UE, sono ancora necessari miglioramenti per razionalizzare ...

The fourth railway package comprises six legislative proposals to enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of rail across the European Union, put forward by the European Commission in 2013. It aims to remove the remaining institutional, legal and technical obstacles, and create a truly integrated European Railway Area. Although the legislative process on technical issues did not present many difficulties, negotiations on the liberalisation of rail markets and governance structures (known as the ...

High-speed rail (HSR) started developing in Europe in the late 1970s, first in France and Italy, and subsequently in Germany, Spain and the UK, among others. In the early stages, its development took place largely at national level. The EU started providing specific support to European rail projects with the establishment of the trans-European transport network (TEN-T) in the early 1990s, some priority projects of which concern HSR. The EU also promotes HSR development through other means, including ...

Established in 2004 and based in Valenciennes (France), the European Union Railway Agency (ERA) was set up with a view to revitalising the European rail sector and creating a single European railway area through the elimination of operational and regulatory differences across EU rail systems. The Fourth Railway Package, which is currently under consideration, includes a proposal for a new Regulation on ERA which would modify its structure and expand the scope of its activities.