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Over the last decades, a variety of fatal infectious diseases have had zoonotic origins. The linkages between hosts, vectors, parasites and pathogens can be influenced by a multitude of factors, such as biodiversity, wildlife and land use. High levels of biodiversity may be a potential source of pathogen transmission, but biodiversity loss can also promote transmission by increasing the number of competent hosts for a pathogen. Biodiversity conservation reduces the risk of zoonotic diseases when ...

Nearly three quarters of emerging infectious diseases in humans are caused by zoonotic pathogens. The majority of them originate in wildlife. Human activities, such as trade in wildlife, increase opportunities for animal–human interactions and facilitate zoonotic disease transmission. Several significant diseases, including Ebola and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, have been traced, in part, to substantial animal-human contact along the trade chain. Current information suggests ...

Encompassing regions from European Union (EU) Member States and third countries confronted with a common set of challenges, macro-regions are defined on the basis of geographical features. Whether inspired by a sense of regional identity, a desire to engage in closer cooperation or to pool resources, all macro-regional strategies share the aim of ensuring a coordinated approach to issues best addressed jointly. In spite of a broad consensus on the importance of the macro-regional strategies as a ...

Wildlife crime is one of the most profitable criminal activities worldwide. It has devastating effects on biodiversity, undermines the rule of law, and can trigger economic losses for entire countries. The European Union has been engaged in the fight against wildlife trafficking for decades.

This report summarises the presentations and discussions during the workshop ‘Delivering and Enforcing the EU Action Plan against Wildlife Trafficking’ held on 8th September 2016. The aim of the workshop was to provide background information to the ENVI Committee members on the EU Action Plan and open a debate about its implementation challenges between Committee members and established experts. The workshop and this report has been commissioned by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee ...

The wildlife trade is one of the most lucrative trades in the world. The legal trade into the EU alone is worth EUR 100 billion annually, while the global illegal wildlife trade is estimated to be worth between EUR 8 and 20 billion annually. The trade is highly complex and its legal and illegal forms are often connected. The illegal wildlife trade cannot be tackled via the use of trade policy alone; instead trade instruments need to be used in conjunction with broader means of addressing the wide ...

This briefing was commissioned by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety. It provides an overview of the legal implications of the European Union’s recent accession to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and implications for its participation in the 17th Meeting of the Conferences (COP17). Key issues as well as the positions of selected Parties and NGOs are also outlined. The briefing concludes with ...

Endocrine disruptors are substances that disturb the functioning of hormones and have negative effects on human health and wildlife. Despite intense research efforts, there are still major gaps in understanding of endocrine disruption phenomena.

The 15th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CITES will take place in Doha, Qatar from March 13th-25th, 2010 and will see the 175 Parties of CITES make key decisions on over 40 proposals to amend the Appendices to CITES, as well as debate crucial implementation and institutional issues, and related Resolutions and Decisions affecting species trade and conservation. This briefing examines a number of the issues to be discussed, focussing on Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, African elephants, polar bears ...

This publication seeks to give an overview of legislation on environmental policy. The full legal text has not been reproduced, but only a selection of those elements which may be of use in daily parliamentary work. The full references, however, make it possible for the reader to consult the complete legal text without difficulty.