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Chaos and crackdown in Kazakhstan: What next?

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 13-01-2022

Protests erupted in Kazakhstan on 2 January 2022 and quickly span out of control, resulting in multiple deaths and several days of chaos. Although initially triggered by a fuel price hike, the unrest points to deeper causes of discontent, including poverty, inequality and frustration at the lack of political change. A Russia-led peacekeeping mission has helped to restore order, but could also compromise Kazakh independence.

Kazakhstan: Transition, but not much change

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 18-10-2019

Nursultan Nazarbayev, president of Kazakhstan for nearly 30 years, announced his intention to step down in March 2019. With Nazarbayev's backing, former senate speaker Kassym-Jomart Tokayev was elected to replace him in June. Although Nazarbayev is no longer president, he retains considerable power, and in the short term at least his successor is not expected to undertake major reforms.

Plenary round-up – Strasbourg, December 2017

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 15-12-2017

The December session highlights were the pre-European Council debate, including on the state of play of 'Brexit' negotiations, as well as the debate on foreign, security and defence policy, with a statement from Federica Mogherini on PESCO. Members also debated US recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital, and the PANA Committee of Inquiry report. Parliament adopted, inter alia, the 'Omnibus' regulation for agriculture, extension of EFSI, and a regulation on aviation emissions.

EU–Kazakhstan Partnership Agreement

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 05-12-2017

In December 2017, the European Parliament is due to vote on whether to give consent to an Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with Kazakhstan, which would replace a 1995 agreement.

Kazakhstan's long-held stability threatened

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 08-02-2016

Russia's annexation of Crimea and the conflict in eastern Ukraine are worrying Kazakhstan, given its large Russian minority in the regions bordering Russia. Kazakhstan's proximity to Afghanistan exposes the country to threats such as religious extremism, drug trafficking and terrorism, particularly after NATO's withdrawal from Afghanistan. Russia is increasing its influence in regional security matters and pushing Kazakhstan for greater cooperation in the fight against shared threats.

Kazakhstan: Economic situation

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 08-09-2015

Kazakhstan, Central Asia's largest economy, is an upper-middle-income country aiming to join the world's 30 most developed countries by 2050. Russia's economic slowdown, a weakened domestic demand after the devaluation of the national currency, the tenge, and adverse developments in the terms of trade, have pushed economic growth down to 4.3% in 2014 from 6% in 2013, and will continue to do so in 2015. On a more optimistic note, Kazakhstan's newly acquired WTO membership will further strengthen its ...

Kazakhstan: Social situation

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 08-09-2015

Kazakhstan’s rapid economic growth, coupled with government reforms in areas such as education and health, has paved the way for notable improvements in the social situation, advancing the country to the 'high human development' level. Kazakhs now enjoy a healthier and longer life with less poverty and inequality. However, the Aral Sea environmental disaster causes extreme concern.

With China, Russia, and four Central Asian states – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan – as its founding members, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is one of the world's biggest regional organisations in terms of population represented. To date, the SCO has largely concentrated on regional non-traditional security governance and specifically its fight against regional terrorism, ethnic separatism and religious extremism. But the SCO Charter sets out a broad range of other ...

Kazakhstan: political situation

Mad-Daqqa t’Għajn 17-04-2015

The Republic of Kazakhstan has a presidential form of government characterised by a monopoly of the executive branch and limited parliamentary power. Since independence in 1991, progress in Kazakhstan in terms of democratisation, human rights and the rule of law have not matched its economic development. As Kazakhstan approaches another snap presidential election on 26 April 2015, uncertainty about the political situation in the country continues.

The six countries in the EU's Eastern Partnership are sandwiched between two large, potent trading blocs: the EU to the west, and the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) to the east. Most of the six have chosen to pursue a deeper alliance with one or the other bloc – a tough choice, reflecting both political and economic factors. Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine signed Association Agreements with the EU on 27 June 2014. Armenia and Belarus chose to accede to the Eurasian Economic Union (belatedly ...