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Created with the objective of promoting democracy and good governance, the African Union has succeeded in creating a robust normative framework for dealing with coups d’état, which have affected many African countries since their independence. However, there is a need to further improve the efficacy and consistency of the AU’s decisions and hone its normative tools.

Venezuela: Human rights situation

Kort overzicht 06-05-2015

PDF Version The human rights situation in Venezuela has deteriorated significantly, due to increased political confrontation and an economy in rapid decline. Criticism regarding human rights from non-governmental, regional and international organisations has intensified. The government, while it has admitted some abuse, has done little to hold those responsible to account.

From the October 1917 Bolshevik Revolution until 1989, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the country's only legal party. Since then, the number has grown, with a record 69 parties participating in the September 2014 regional elections. However, this apparent diversity does not mean that Russian voters have a real choice, as Vladimir Putin's grip on power is increasingly unchallenged, gradually reversing the gains made in the post-1989 democratisation process.

The violent conflict that erupted in South Sudan during the night of 15 December 2013 had many triggers, the closest being political disputes between the country's top politicians, President Salva Kiir and former Vice-President Riek Machar. The fact the December crisis escalated into an open civil war reflects underlying tensions and wider misgivings within the South Sudanese population, especially between ethnic Dinka and ethnic Nuer. External actors – mainly the Intergovernmental Authority on Development ...

While the news of the execution of Jang Song-taek, the second-most highly ranked leader in North Korea’s regime, surprised many outside the country, the event is unlikely to presage dramatic changes within the country. Jang Song-taek was sentenced to death on 12 December 2013 after being arrested during a public debate of the North Korean Politburo. His purge follows a major reshuffling of the army, the reorganisation of the ruling party and the execution of Kim Jong-un’s former fiancée and a group ...

This report examines the development of the electoral system in Russia, with a particular emphasis on the evolution of political parties, after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. It analyses changes during the Russian Federation’s three presidential administrations (Yeltsin, Putin, Medvedev) and assesses what role successive presidents have played in moulding the constitutional and legal system to suit their interests. The financing of political parties and election campaigns is discussed, ...