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China, the 16+1 format and the EU

Briefing 07-09-2018

Since 2012, China has engaged 16 central and eastern European countries (CEECs), including 11 EU Member States and five Western Balkan countries under the 16+1 cooperation format, which it has portrayed as an innovative approach to regional cooperation. Although framed as multilateralism, in practice this format has remained largely bilateral and highly competitive in nature. While in 2012 the CEECs had enthusiastically embraced this form of cooperation as a chance to diversify their EU-focused economic ...

The European Union (EU) and the African Union (AU) will hold their fifth summit on 29-30 November 2017 in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, with the aim of strengthening political and economic relations between the two continents. The focus of the meeting is on investing in youth, which is a priority for Africa, where 60 % of the population is under the age of 25. Other key topics include security, governance and democracy, human rights, migration and mobility, as well as investment and trade, skills development ...

The 16+1 sub-regional cooperation format brings together China and 16 central and eastern European countries (CEECs), consisting of 11 EU Member States and five EU candidate countries. The format is controversial, given the concerns expressed about arrangements made under its umbrella being in conflict with EU law and about a perceived erosion of EU norms, values and unity. Nearly five years on from its creation, mutually satisfactory results still lag behind expectations.

The migration crisis has eased since the agreement in March between the European Union and Turkey closed one major route through which people had been trying to reach Europe. A long-term solution to a better management of migration flows still appears elusive, as the Turkey deal could still unravel and other migration routes become more widely used. EU member states are also divided over the issue of ‘redistributing’ migrants among themselves. A debate continues among policy-makers on how to overhaul ...

Since the pre-accession phases, the Member States located in Central and Eastern Europe have been receiving EU funding to be invested in transport infrastructure. These investments have improved connectivity and accessibility in these Member States substantially. This note shows, however, that gaps remain. It also analyses how current policy instruments could contribute to close such gaps, and how this policy could be improved.

Women and Enlargement

Badanie 16-08-2004

This study considers the position of women in the new EU countries and in candidate countries in various areas: demography, education, employment, health, politics, childcare. The study shows that the transformation of the societies of Eastern and Central Europe has lead to profound changes in the role of women.

The accession countries in Central and Eastern Europe will require sustained economic growth in order to catch up with the existing EU countries – whilst continuing their integration with the EU. At the same time the 'acquis communautaire' should be taken into account which imposes enormous investment requirements on transition countries. This study seeks to examine the economic and policy context for environmental investments in the candidate countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

One of the most important challenges of this enlargement is ensuring that the environmental p One rotection in the new members will be at least as high as in the old members. This challenge is high because of the negligence of the environmental problems in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) in the past and the large gap in the level of environmental protection between CEE and the Union. Some of the most important causes of environmental pollution are the production and use of energy.

Following the fall of the Berlin Wall and the upheavals experienced by the countries of central and eastern Europe, data with regard to population movements have changed completely. How does this new order look? How have the movements occurred? What are the problems which are arising in these six countries associated with the Union?

The fisheries sector has always been a source of conflicts in the enlargement process, given the socio-economic and regional importance of the sector in many countries and the significance within Europe of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and the associated consolidated Community acquis. The new member countries will represent a new challenge for the CFP and for certain applicant countries, in particular as far as Poland is concerned. The study analyses the fisheries sector in the twelve countries ...