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The EU wine sector

Briefing 05-07-2023

The European Union is the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of wine. It accounts for half of the world's production, with three quarters of EU wine produced in Spain, France and Italy. The EU had 2.2 million vineyard holdings in 2020, varying in size from an average of 0.2 hectares in Romania to 10.5 hectares in France. The EU also accounted for 48 % of global wine consumption in 2021, with the largest overall consumption recorded in France, Italy and Germany. Globally, only the United ...

Liability of online platforms

Estudo 05-02-2021

Given the central role that online platforms (OPs) play in the digital economy, questions arise about their responsibility in relation to illegal/harmful content or products hosted in the frame of their operation. Against this background, this study reviews the main legal/regulatory challenges associated with OP operations and analyses the incentives for OPs, their users and third parties to detect and remove illegal/harmful and dangerous material, content and/or products. To create a functional ...

On 30 November 2016, the European Commission presented a legislative proposal for a recast directive on the internal market for electricity, as part of a comprehensive legislative package entitled 'Clean Energy for all Europeans'. The proposed directive would oblige Member States to ensure a more competitive, customer-centred, flexible and non-discriminatory EU electricity market with market-based supply prices. It would strengthen existing customer rights, introduce new ones and provide a framework ...

Clean energy is energy produced and consumed generating a minimum of greenhouse gas emissions or other pollution. The level of emissions associated with energy use can meanwhile also be lowered by means of energy efficiency measures reducing demand for energy. To meet the targets of the Paris Agreement (to keep the global temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, aiming at 1.5°C), greenhouse gas emissions must be near zero in the second half of this century. For the energy sector ...

This study, commissioned by the Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs upon request of the Committee on Petitions, finds out that EU animal welfare policy and legislation has had much positive influence in the world, on the image of the EU as well as helping animals. However, most kinds of animals kept in the EU are not covered by legislation, including some of the worst animal welfare problems, so a general animal welfare law and specific laws on several species are needed ...

This proceedings summaries the workshop chaired by MEP Nicola DANTI on collaborative economy. The workshop is a part of the overall work done within the European Parliament in order to deal with this new form of economy in the context of the Single Market. This document was prepared by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection.

An Economic Review on the Collaborative Economy

Análise aprofundada 15-12-2016

This paper provides an overview of the empirical evidence concerning the potential gains from collaborative economy and the economic impact some of its business models on. It discusses how we can distinguish professional and non-professional services and provides a list of 9 tentative recommendations for the better protection of the users of the collaborative platforms. It also summarises the main regulatory concerns that emerge from the operation of such platforms. This document was prepared by ...

The research paper describes the main legal challenges for regulating the collaborative economy and evaluates the definition of, and elucidates how the existing body of EU law applies to collaborative economy business models. In the last part, the paper elaborates on how a regulatory framework for non-professional provision of services and prosumers should look like and makes a few concrete proposals for future policies. This paper was commissioned by the Policy Department A for Economic, Scientific ...

The Single Market was launched more than 20 years ago, yet a considerable number of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) still exist, despite the fact that this should no longer be the case. NTBs come in many, often disguised, forms and substantially reduce the benefits of the Single Market.

This note provides an overview of the consumer’s experience of mediation in England and Wales, including commentary upon the EU Mediation Directive and its implementation in the jurisdiction.