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European legislation on the use of hired vehicles without drivers for the carriage of goods by road has been in operation for 25 years. Directive 2006/1/EC includes legal provisions from the 1980s that reflect the needs of the sector at that time. Today, this legislation should be reviewed to correspond to operators’ actual needs, as well as to align with the latest issues in the haulage market sector and with current EU policy priorities.

The 1944 Convention on International Civil Aviation ('Chicago Convention') is the chief regulatory framework for international civil aviation, but also the most important primary source of public international aviation law and the umbrella under which bilateral air service agreements have been developed. While in the early days bilateral air service agreements between states were quite restrictive, having been written with the intention of protecting their respective flag carriers, in the early 1990s ...

The fourth railway package comprises six legislative proposals to enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of rail across the European Union, put forward by the European Commission in 2013. It aims to remove the remaining institutional, legal and technical obstacles, and create a truly integrated European Railway Area. Although the legislative process on technical issues did not present many difficulties, negotiations on the liberalisation of rail markets and governance structures (known as the ...

This is a comprehensive digest of the current EU legislation on aviation security. It reminds notably of the obligations on the parties involved, the monitoring process, or the international aspects. The note also sheds light on the regime which applies to liquids on board, to the testing of body scanners or to the financing of security measures, which all give rise to recurrent significant debate.

A presente nota analisa a experiência da separação vertical no sector ferroviário europeu. Examina as vantagens e as desvantagens da separação vertical, bem como os seus impactos a nível económico, operacional, da segurança e do utilizador. A adopção de diferentes abordagens à separação vertical produziu resultados diferentes, uns com um impacto positivo considerável em termos de desenvolvimento competitivo do transporte ferroviário, outros menos. A presente nota expõe os resultados de uma análise ...