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Integration of migrant children

Briefing 20-11-2023

In the EU, one in four children are either foreign-born themselves or have foreign-born parents. On 1 January 2022, around 6.6 million children did not have the citizenship of their country of residence in the EU. Almost three out of four of these children lived in Germany, France, Italy or Spain, the countries hosting the largest number of non-national children in absolute terms. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine started on 24 February 2022, millions of people, most of them women and children ...

Between 2018 and 2020, over 18 000 migrant and refugee children were reported as missing in Europe. It is feared that many may have been exploited and abused for sexual or labour purposes. The European Parliament has repeatedly stressed the need to address the disappearance of migrant children in the EU. The conflict in Ukraine and the subsequent mass displacement of people have only made the situation worse, creating fertile ground for criminal networks to take advantage of vulnerable people, especially ...

In response to the migration challenge, on 13 May 2015 the European Commission presented the European Agenda on Migration, with the aim of setting out a comprehensive approach for improving the management of migration in all its aspects. Several implementation packages under the Agenda have already been adopted and the measures therein are starting to be deployed; legislative proposals have also been made and are currently being discussed in Parliament and Council.

This briefing presents a short summary of the positions taken by the European Parliament on issues related to migration and asylum in its most recent relevant Resolutions. It has been prepared for the high-level conference on migration management which takes place on 21st June 2017.

•The rights of the child (Art. 3, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Art. 24, EU Charter of Fundamental Rights) are well ensured by the German approach to treat unaccompanied minors first and foremost as children in need of protection. •The responsibility of the youth authorities (Jugendamt) to give shelter has priority. •The immediate legal representation of an unaccompanied child is guaranteed by the right of the youth authorities to act as first representatives of the child. The family court ...

According to Europol, at least 10 000 migrant and refugee children have gone missing after arriving in Europe. Many of them are feared to be exploited and abused for sexual or labour purposes. The Parliament has on several occasions called on the Commission to address the disappearance of migrant children in the EU. The Commission is expected to make a statement in the March plenary. See also December 2016 EPRS briefing on the vulnerability of unaccompanied and separated child migrants.

This is a first attempt to explore the monitoring and assessment of migrant education (MAME) in EU countries. A review of literature indicated the main dimensions of MAME, and these have shaped a questionnaire completed by national experts of 27 EU countries. The country reports reveal that little has been done to monitor and assess migrant education, but that most countries already have an enabling infrastructure.

Equipping immigrants with the necessary skills to achieve successful integration is a central preoccupation of policy-makers in the EU and beyond. The integration challenges of migrant students in formal educational systems tend to be essentially related to the three main components of education – access, participation and performance. While access to education is legally guaranteed, it remains difficult. Access to quality education is even more problematic. An additional concern for migrant students ...

It is difficult to fit all young migrants into a single category and not all immigrants gain the same level of acceptance. Yet non-discrimination is a fundamental value in the European Union, and binding legislation is complemented by EU-level frameworks and funds to support action to promote integration in the Member States. Research reveals that young migrants face many obstacles in education, but policy changes and projects can help overcome them. This note has been prepared for the European Youth ...

Migrants' life stories reveal different levels of difficulty or ease in the process of integration. The key importance of education as a means of integration is widely acknowledged. For a number of years, the European Parliament has called for tangible commitments and proposed practical measures to integrate migrants and their children through education, training and the recognition of skills.