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The Energy Community is an international organisation facilitating energy cooperation; it brings together the EU and neighbouring countries. Established by the Treaty establishing the Energy Community, signed in 2005 in Athens, Greece, it has been in force since 2006. The treaty's validity has been extended twice, most recently until 2036. The signatories to the treaty are the EU and nine contracting parties: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, ...

The September 2022 plenary session will debate a report from the Committee for Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) on the Commission's proposal to recast the Energy Efficiency Directive, as part of the 'fit for 55' package. The vote on the report will set Parliament's position for trilogue negotiations with the Council.

Vulnerable consumers

Briefing 21-05-2021

Compared to the average consumer, who is considered to be able to make rational choices to find the best deals and benefit from competitive markets, vulnerable consumers are not considered to be able to do so for a variety of reasons. There are two main approaches to identifying vulnerable consumers. One emphasises those individual characteristics of the consumer that increase the (theoretical) risk of becoming vulnerable, such as low socio-economic status, low education level, not being able to ...

Energy consumers in the EU

Briefing 27-04-2017

Consumers are considered a key element of EU energy legislation and the efforts to achieve a transition to a carbon-free society. Back in 2009, the third energy package, which sought to establish a liberalised internal energy market, granted energy consumers a number of rights, such as the right to an electricity connection, to switch energy providers and to receive clear offers, contracts and energy bills. However, some of these rights have not yet been put into practice: consumers often do not ...

Energy efficiency and renewables

Na kratko 20-06-2016

Renewable energy and energy efficiency policies fall under EU climate and energy policy, which is covered by the 2009 climate and energy package. In 2015, the Commission published progress reports on renewable energies and on energy efficiency, taking stock of existing achievements and highlighting the need for additional effort. On 24 May 2016, the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) adopted separate own-initiative reports on both Commission progress reports.

The aim of this study Energy Union: Key Decisions for the Realisation of a Fully Integrated Energy Market is to assess whether, and to what extent, the EU’s internal energy market objectives can effectively and efficiently be reached with the current policies and instruments. Link to the original publication: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/578968/IPOL_STU(2016)578968_EN.pdf

In July 2015 the European Commission published a communication 'Delivering a New Deal for Energy Consumers', outlining its views on the role of consumers in the Energy Union. This argues that retail energy markets in the EU have not kept up with broader transformations in the energy sector and need to be improved so that consumers can play a more active role and benefit more fully from the single market, renewable energies and new technologies. At the May II plenary session the Parliament is due ...

Energy Security and Integration

Briefing 27-04-2016

The above studies and debate indicate that there is no single solution to increasing energy security and integration. However, it is clear that increased cooperation and coordination on a European level is needed to enhance energy independence, particularly in view of the differences between Member States in relation to their degree of energy dependency. The current proposal only covers gas supply and not electricity supply, making it more difficult to assess to what extent the proposal will enhance ...

Overall, the IA report is of sound quality and provides a wealth of background analysis, especially the evaluation report included in Annex 1. However, the IA does suffer from several weaknesses. Most importantly, the limited representativeness of stakeholders in the public consultation and the almost exclusive reliance on a qualitative and largely descriptive evaluation, are aspects which might have deserved further attention.       

Security of gas supply

Briefing 21-04-2016

The IA report concentrates on the very complex problem of securing access to gas by each Member State in case of disruption of supply. In this regard,  the IA builds a case in favour of common EU action and of improvement of the existing regulation to that end. The IA could have provided more background information on how Member States are grouped into the seven regions under the preferred option and how this is linked to the existing patterns of cooperation. It could also have deepened the scope ...