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The EU and the UK are key automotive trading partners. After the UK left the EU, the two parties concluded a Trade and Cooperation Agreement, committing them among other things to a progressive increase in the EU and UK content in the electric vehicles (EVs) and EV batteries they trade, to avoid tariffs. As the European EV batteries sector is not sufficiently developed, the parties have agreed to extend the current rules until 2027.

Batteries are critical to the EU's clean energy transition. In December 2020, the European Commission tabled a proposal to modernise the regulatory framework for batteries and secure the sustainability and competitiveness of EU battery value chains. Two years later, the European Parliament and the Council reached a trilogue agreement on the proposal. The agreed text is due to be put to the vote in plenary in June.

The United States, China and the European Union are making more and more funds available for the green economic transition and efforts to fight climate change. Increased government spending on green technologies also serves the goal of establishing or expanding industries that have emerged as strategic at a time of global warming, as well as providing quality jobs. This subsidy race is strongly affected by the technological rivalry between China and the US. However, the race in governments’ support ...

The Commission mobilised considerable time and resources to prepare this initiative, in an extensive 'back to back' (ex post evaluation and ex ante impact assessment) process that started in 2018 with the set-up of the Advisory Group on Vehicle Emission Standards. The IA draws on numerous external studies, stakeholder consultations, relevant data sources and approved modelling tools (SYBIL and COPERT). In spite of some weaknesses in the definition of the problems and objectives, the intervention ...

This study provides an up-to-date expert assessment and comparison between the life cycle’s carbon footprint of BEV and ICEV passenger cars. It presents evidence from the literature and from LCA modelling and concludes with policy recommendations. The analysis includes sensitivities, regional variations for six Member States, and also the effects of technical and legislative development on the potential outlook up to 2050.

The 2022 energy crisis following Russia's aggression against Ukraine brought about challenges relating to energy security and affordability in the EU. Thanks to several measures taken last year, energy shortages have so far been avoided. However, the EU must now prepare for next winter, when it might be more difficult to ensure sufficient gas storage. Members of the European Parliament will have the possibility to question the European Commission on this topic at 'question time' during the March ...

This At a glance note summarises the study providing an up-to-date expert assessment and comparison between the life cycle’s carbon footprint of battery electric and internal combustion engine passenger cars. It presents evidence from the literature and from life cycle assessment modelling and concludes with policy recommendations. The analysis includes sensitivities, regional variations for six Member States, and also the effects of technical and legislative development on the potential outlook ...

Sodium-Nickel-Chloride (Na-NiCl2) batteries have risen as sustainable energy storage systems based on abundant (Na, Ni, Al) and non-critical raw materials. This study offers a general overview of this technology from its initial conceptualization, along with research and development perspectives and areas of use. Applications are for grid storage mainly due to the temperature of operation (275 – 350 °C). There is no critical issue on patent portfolio as the key IP is in the public domain. In addition ...

On 23 November 2022, the European Parliament and the Council signed the directive amending the 2014 Radio Equipment Directive, with the aim of mandating a common charger for mobile phones and a number of other small portable devices. The amended directive, proposed by the European Commission on 23 September 2021, will require electronic devices to be equipped with a USB Type C receptacle and to incorporate the USB Power Delivery communication protocol. A separate initiative on the eco-design of external ...

This study assesses the needs and vulnerabilities of the EU in accessing Critical Raw Materials needed for the green and digital transitions considering the changed geopolitical context. It identifies at which stage of the supply chain, from raw materials to components, the European industrial eco-system depends on imports. It reviews the criticality assessment methodology to account for the changed geopolitical context and future demand from decarbonisation. Finally, it evaluates the potential of ...